Pakistan

PAKISTAN

Pakistan

A. General Info:

Official Name Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Capital Islamabad
Main Cities Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi
Languages Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Siraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu (official) 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, English (official; lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries), Burushaski and other 8%
Government Federal Republic
Independence 14 August 1947 (from British India)
Area total:803,940sqkm(land:778,720sqkm;water: 25,220 sq km)
Population 176,242,949 (July 2009 est.)
Currency Pakistani Rupee (PKR)
Climate Generally arid; hot summers, cool or cold winters; wide variations of temperature in given locale and between coastal area on Arabian Sea and glacial regions of northern areas; little rainfall.
Time Zone PST (UTC +5), Summer PDT (UTC +6)
Main Airports Jinnah Intl Airport (KHI, Karachi), Allama Iqbal Intl Airport (LHE, Lahore), Islamabad Intl Airport (ISB, Rawalpindi)
Main Harbors Karachi, Port Muhammad Bin Qasim

B. Economic Indicators

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

GDP
Nominal GDP (US$bn)

109.9

127.3

143.0

165.1

166.5

Real GDP Growth (%)

7.7

6.2

5.7

2.0

3.7

Expenditure on GDP (% real change)
Private Consumption

12.9

1.0

4.7

-1.3

5.2

Government Consumption

1.7

48.3

-9.6

39.0

-13.5

Gross fixed Investment

13.5

19.9

13.6

3.8

-6.5

Export of goods & services

9.6

9.9

2.3

-5.3

9.0

Import of goods & services

40.5

18.7

-3.5

3.6

-9.2

Origin of GDP (%real change)
Agriculture

6.5

6.3

4.1

1.1

4.7

Industry

12.1

4.1

8.8

1.7

-3.6

Services

8.5

6.5

7.0

6.6

3.6

GDP per capita (US$ at PPP)

2,051

2,201

2,341

2,383

2,447

Recorded unemployment (av.; %)

7.7

7.7

11.5

12.6

14.0

Fiscal Indicator (% of GDP)
Central government revenue

13.3

14.0

12.8

15.0

14.3

Central government expenditure

16.5

18.2

17.3

22.8

19.7

Central government balance

-3.2

-4.2

-4.5

-7.8

-5.4

Net public debt

53.9

51.5

50.9

51.7

46.7

Prices and financial indicators
Exchange Rates PRs:US$ (end-period)

59.83

60.92

61.22

79.10

84.26

Consumer Prices (end-period; % change)

8.5

8.9

8.8

24.0

11.5

Stock of money M2 (end-period; % change)

16.5

14.6

19.5

19.0

20.4

Lending interest rate (av; %)

8.2

9.9

10.2

12.4

13.3

Current Account (US$m)
Trade Balance

-6,340

-9,647

-10,640

-16,769

-9,419

Goods: exports fob

15,433

17,049

18,188

21,328

18,962

Goods: imports fob

-21,773

-26,696

-28,775

-38,097

-28,380

Services Balance

-3,830

-4,912

-5,044

-5,363

-2,701

Income Balance

-2,514

-3,131

-3,740

-4,163

-3,467

Current-account balance

-3,605

-6,750

-8,286

-15,402

-2,440

External Debt (US$m)
Debt stock

33,173

35,909

40,680

46,335

51,812

Debt service paid

2,425

2,281

2,600

3,917

3,425

Principal repayments

1,698

1,427

1,504

2,891

2,456

Interest

727

854

1,067

1,026

970

Debt service due

2,425

2,281

2,600

3,917

3,425

International Reserves (US$m)
Total international reserves

10,948

12,816

15,689

8,903

13,770

C. Trade

C.1. Pakistan’s Trade with the World

US$ Mn.

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Export (fob)

16,052

16,714

19,019

21,640

19,604

Import (cif)

25,412

34,325

40,134

46,136

36,511

Trade Volume

41,464

51,039

59,153

67,776

56,115

Trade Balance

-9,360

-17,611

-21,115

-24,496

-16,907

World Trade (US$ Bn)

21,058

24,294

27,845

32,215

24,948

Share

0.19%

0.21%

0.21%

0.21%

0.22%

C.2. Pakistan’s trade with D-8 Countries

US$ Mn.

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Export (fob)

950.58

856.68

1,080.69

1,345.62

1,329.34

Import (cif)

2,169.74

2,570.19

3,430.95

4,149.68

3,259.76

Trade Volume

3,120.32

3,426.87

4,511.64

5,495.3

4,589.1

Trade Balance

-1,219.16

-1,713.51

-2,350.26

-2,804.06

-1,930.42

D-8 Intra Trade

41,537.19

49,806.52

66,828.03

78,382.2

66,947.63

Share

7.5%

6.9%

6.75%

7.01%

6.8%

C.3. Pakistan’s Trade by 10 Main Commodities

C.3.1. Export by 10 Main commodities, (million US$)

No.

Commodity

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

1. Cotton

2,978.80

3,428.95

3,601.01

3,439.59

3,595.60

2. Other made textile articles, sets, worn clothing etc

2,352.56

3,070.76

3,242.51

3,179.48

3,145.52

3. Cereals

683.07

1,100.58

1,152.34

1,244.15

2,507.89

4. Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet

1,665.38

1,655.11

1,902.21

1,851.00

1,888.46

5. Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet

933.03

1,329.66

1,348.32

1,371.04

1,361.17

6. Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc

362.28

674.68

841.23

994.42

1,229.77

7. Articles of leather, animal gut, harness, travel goods

496.70

692.68

680.37

691.62

766.85

8. Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement

44.46

112.64

127.39

251.73

601.00

9. Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather

285.84

306.70

317.72

391.88

383.11

10. Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc

81.93

110.48

112.95

155.29

317.13

C.3.2 Import by 10 Main commodities, (million US$)

No.

Commodity

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

1. Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc

3,903.22

5,299.35

7,680.29

8,350.33

14,054.22

2. Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc

2,274,.43

3,107.29

3,343.97

3,262.44

3,923.99

3. Electrical, electronic equipment

1,025.28

2,519.99

3,081.30

3,448.24

3,782.30

4. Animal,vegetable fats and oils, cleavage products, etc

797.70

863.88

878.79

1,301.20

1,879.79

5. Organic chemicals

1,294.61

1,266.36

1,177.94

1,569.80

1,761.36

6. Cereals

253.72

161.37

132.19

110.95

1,690.31

7. Iron and steel

698.53

1,442.53

1,392.83

1,543.03

1,629.42

8. Plastics and articles thereof

713.92

998.64

1,128.63

1,280.70

1,360.02

9. Cotton

641.42

517.54

428.93

917.84

1,208.58

10. Vehicles other than railway, tramway

768.55

1,493.08

1,732.66

1,418.88

1,184.23

C.4 Export and Import by Main Destination Country

Export by Main Destination Country (% of total)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

United States of America

24.8

25.7

21.6

18

18.3

United Arab Emirates

7.8

7.3

11.9

9.9

8.8

Afghanistan

6.6

5.9

4.7

7.1

7.8

China

2.7

3

3.4

3.6

5.7

United Kingdom

5.7

5.5

5.4

4.9

5.4

Others

37.6

52.6

53

56.5

54

Import by Main Origin Country (% of total)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

China

9.4

9.8

12.8

11.2

12

Saudi Arabia

10.6

10.2

12.3

14.1

11.1

United Arab Emirates

9.9

11.4

8.5

8.9

10.6

Kuwait

5

6.3

5.7

8.1

5.7

United States of America

6.1

6.3

8

4.9

5.7

Others

59

56

52.7

52.8

54.9

D. Foreign Direct Investment (Overview, selected years)

US$ Mn

FDI Flows

FDI Stocks

1990-2000

2005

2006

2007

2008

1990

1995

2000

2007

2008

Inward

463

2,201

4,273

5,590

5,438

1,892

5,408

6,919

25,621

31,059

Outward

5

44

109

99

46

245

266

489

1,238

1,284

E. Agriculture: Food Commodities

US$ Mn

2007

2008

Export

5,004.36

4,003.67

Import

3,222.59

5,578.82

Trade Volume

8,226.95

9,582.49

Trade Balance

1,781.77

-1,575.15

D-8 Total Trade

67,978.23

101,328.20

Share to D-8 Total Trade

12.10%

9.45%

F. Energy

F.1 Oil

Petroleum

(Thousand Barrels per Day)

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Total Oil Production

67.93

64.33

66.59

68.22

67.98

68.39

69.10

Crude Oil Production

64.27

60

62

65.63

65.67

65.19

65.34

Consumption

356

337

327

345

359

390

F 390

Net Exports/Imports(-)

-288

-272

-260

-277

-291

F - 322

F - 322

Refinery Capacity

239

234

269

269

269

269

269

Proved Reserves (Billion Barrels)

0.298

0.31

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

F.2 Natural Gas

Natural Gas

(Billion Cubic Feet)

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Production

2.4

2.9

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.5

3.6

Consumption

2.4

2.9

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.5

3.6

Net Exports/Imports

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Proved Reserves  (TCM)

0.76

0.79

0.80

0.85

0.85

0.85

0.85

F.3 Renewable Energy

Country

Renewable Indicator

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Pakistan

Electricity Generation (Billion Kwh)

25.41

30.55

31.63

28.42

27.73

Electricity Consumption (Billion Kwh)

25.41

30.55

31.63

28.42

27.73

Bio-fuels Production (Thousands Barrel/day)

0

0

0.8

0.6

0.6

Bio-fuels Consumption (Thousands Barrel/day)

0

0

0

0

0

F.3.1 Renewable Electric Generation by Type (Billion Kilowatt-hours)

Country

Renewable Product

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Pakistan

Hydroelectric

25.41

30.55

31.63

28.42

27.73

Non-Hydroelectric Renewable

Geothermal

0

0

0

0

0

Wind

0

0

0

0

0

Solar, Tide and Wave

0

0

0

0

0

Biomass and Waste

0

0

0

0

0

F.3.2 Renewable Bio-fuels Production by Type (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Country

Renewable Product

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Pakistan

Fuel Ethanol

0

0

0.8

0.6

0.6

Bio-diesels

0

0

0

0

0