Iran
IRAN
A. General Info:
| Official Name | Islamic Republic of Iran |
| Capital | Tehran |
| Main Cities | Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Karaj, Tabriz, Shiraz |
| Languages | Persian |
| Government | Islamic Republic |
| Unification | Islamic Republic Declared, 1 April 1979 |
| Area | 1,648,195 km2 |
| Population | 70,472,846 (2007) |
| Currency | Iranian Rial (IRR) |
| Climate | Arid/Semiraid to Subtropical |
| Time Zone | IRST (UTC +3:30), Summer/IRDT (UTC +4:30) |
| Main Airports | Tehran (Imam Khomeini Int. Airport, Mehrabad Int. Airport), Isfahan (Isfahan Shahid Bahesti Int. Airport), Bandar Abbas (Bandar Abbas), Mashhad (Mashhad Int. Airport), Shiraz (Shiraz Int. Airport), Tabriz (Tabriz Int. Airport), Zahedan (Zahedan, Int. Airport) |
| Main Harbors | Persian Gulf (Khorramshahr, Bandar-e Khomeini, Bandar ‘Abbas, and Bushehr)
Caspian Sea (Bandar Anzeli (formerly Bandar Pahlavi), Naushahr) Kharg Island as the oil shipment ports and Abadan. |
B. Economic Indicators:
|
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
|
| GDP | |||||
| Nominal GDP (US$m) |
189,348 |
222,881 |
286,058 |
337,343 |
361,247 |
| Real GDP Growth (%) |
4.7 |
5.8 |
7.8 |
6.5 |
0.5 |
| Expenditure on GDP (% real change) | |||||
| Private Consumption |
6.6 |
6.2 |
9.1 |
8.5 |
3.1 |
| Government Consumption |
11.6 |
7.4 |
-4.3 |
5.0 |
3.0 |
| Gross fixed Investment |
5.1 |
3.3 |
6.0 |
5.8 |
2.8 |
| Export of goods & services |
8.7 |
2.0 |
6.0 |
4.0 |
-4.0 |
| Import of goods & services |
4.0 |
4.0 |
8.3 |
9.0 |
6.2 |
| Origin of GDP (%real change) | |||||
| Agriculture |
9.3 |
4.7 |
6.2 |
3.0 |
2.8 |
| Industry |
4.7 |
6.9 |
7.9 |
4.5 |
4.0 |
| Services |
5.6 |
6.5 |
6.8 |
5.8 |
-2.5 |
| GDP per capita (US$ at PPP) |
8,967 |
9,689 |
10,619 |
11,418 |
11,485 |
| Fiscal Indicator (% of GDP) | |||||
| Public-sector revenue |
55.9 |
39.4 |
35.5 |
35.9 |
26.9 |
| Public-sector expenditure |
42.1 |
27.5 |
21.4 |
22.4 |
23.6 |
| Public-sector balance |
-3.6 |
-7.2 |
-3.6 |
-3.5 |
-5.2 |
| Net Public debt |
27.0 |
24.6 |
21.0 |
17.3 |
17.8 |
| Prices and financial indicators | |||||
| Exchange Rates IR:US$ (av.) |
8,964 |
9,171 |
9,281 |
9,429 |
9,864 |
| Exchange Rates IR:US$ (end-period) |
9,091 |
9,223 |
9,282 |
9,825 |
9,984 |
| Consumer Prices (av.; %) |
13.4 |
11.6 |
17.1 |
25.4 |
13.5 |
| Stock of money M1 (% change) |
22.8 |
25.9 |
30.5 |
16.9 |
6.8 |
| Stock of money M2 (% change) |
22.8 |
29.1 |
30.6 |
19.1 |
15.0 |
| Lending interest rate (av; %) |
16.2 |
14.0 |
12.5 |
12.0 |
12.0 |
| Current Account (US$m) | |||||
| Trade Balance |
21,281 |
26,035 |
40,819 |
32,039 |
13,164 |
| Goods: exports fob |
64,366 |
76,055 |
97,401 |
100,572 |
70,323 |
| Goods: imports cif |
-43,085 |
-50,020 |
-56,582 |
-68,533 |
-57,159 |
| Services Balance |
-7,567 |
-9,794 |
-11,230 |
-13,907 |
-11,613 |
| Income Balance |
2,007 |
3,529 |
4,638 |
2,313 |
314 |
| Current-account balance |
16,637 |
20,402 |
34,081 |
23,987 |
2,713 |
| External Debt (US$m) | |||||
| Debt stock |
21,867 |
19,375 |
21,069 |
13,938 |
12,712 |
| Debt service paid |
2,814 |
2,748 |
2,932 |
2,794 |
2,030 |
| International Reserves (US$m) | |||||
| Total international reserves |
45,459 |
58,459 |
82,059 |
96,559 |
81,309 |
C. Trade
C.1. Iran’s Trade with the World
|
US$ Mn. |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
| Export (fob) |
55,232 |
75,801 |
89,025 |
116,940 |
68,681 |
| Import (cif) |
38,904 |
40,686 |
45,168 |
70,115 |
60,069 |
| Trade Volume |
94,136 |
116,487 |
134,193 |
187,055 |
128,750 |
| Trade Balance |
16,328 |
35,115 |
43,857 |
46,825 |
8,612 |
| World Trade (US$ Bn) |
21,058 |
24,294 |
27,845 |
32,215 |
24,948 |
| Share |
0.44% |
0.47% |
0.48% |
0.58% |
0.51% |
C.2. Iran’s trade with D-8 Countries
|
US$ Mn. |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
| Export (fob) |
3,917.36 |
6,210.09 |
7,044.74 |
9,136.44 |
4,120.20 |
| Import (cif) |
1,562.82 |
1,522.14 |
1,993.78 |
4,091.15 |
3,789.19 |
| Trade Volume |
5,480.18 |
7,732.23 |
9,038.52 |
13,227.59 |
7,090.39 |
| Trade Balance |
2,354.54 |
4,687.95 |
5,050.96 |
5,045.29 |
331.01 |
| D-8 Intra Trade |
41,537.19 |
49,806.52 |
66,828.03 |
78,382.2 |
66,947.63 |
| Share |
13.19% |
15.52% |
13.52% |
16.87% |
10.59% |
C.3. Iran’s Trade by 10 Main Commodities
C.3.1. Export by 10 Main commodities, (million US$)
|
No. |
Commodity |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
| Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc |
39,036 |
52,033 |
52,678 |
69,449 |
93,838 |
|
|
2. |
Organic chemicals |
327 |
730 |
660 |
1,804 |
3,410 |
|
3. |
Ores, slag and ash |
76 |
157 |
301 |
1045 |
1593 |
|
4. |
Edible fruit, nuts, peel of citrus fruit, melons |
809 |
1,255 |
1,493 |
1,041 |
979 |
|
5. |
Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement |
138 |
169 |
165 |
389 |
776 |
|
6. |
Iron and steel |
687 |
981 |
1,115 |
959 |
707 |
|
7. |
Plastics and articles thereof |
188 |
370 |
797 |
536 |
593 |
|
8. |
Inorganic chemicals, precious metal compound, isotopes |
132 |
200 |
259 |
172 |
557 |
|
9. |
Copper and articles thereof |
108 |
117 |
597 |
862 |
542 |
|
10. |
Vehicles other than railway, tramway |
148 |
199 |
310 |
360 |
332 |
C.3.2. Export by 10 Main commodities, (million US$)
|
No. |
Commodity |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
1. |
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc |
8,027 |
9,520 |
1,547 |
8,951 |
10,382 |
|
2. |
Iron and steel |
3,675 |
4,069 |
797 |
6,907 |
6,194 |
|
3. |
Vehicles other than railway, tramway |
1,947 |
1,111 |
622 |
5,281 |
6,087 |
|
4. |
Electrical, electronic equipment |
2,199 |
2,758 |
894 |
4,164 |
4,779 |
|
5. |
Cereals |
807 |
960 |
280 |
1,080 |
3,614 |
|
6. |
Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc |
2,555 |
3,750 |
1,626 |
3,671 |
3,096 |
|
7. |
Articles of iron or steel |
819 |
1,153 |
603 |
1,937 |
2,469 |
|
8. |
Plastics and articles thereof |
1,213 |
1,423 |
212 |
1,810 |
1,930 |
|
9 |
Optical, photo, technical, medical, etc apparatus |
645 |
725 |
252 |
1,090 |
1,374 |
|
10. |
Animal,vegetable fats and oils, cleavage products, etc |
670 |
653 |
106 |
1,035 |
1,153 |
C.4 Export and Import by Main Destination Country
Export by Main Destination Country (% of total)
|
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
|
| China |
10.2 |
22.5 |
14.5 |
20.6 |
18.5 |
| Japan |
28.4 |
23.9 |
13.3 |
18.2 |
15.3 |
| South Korea |
0.2 |
0.3 |
6.2 |
5.2 |
7.1 |
| Turkey |
0.6 |
0.5 |
7.7 |
4.3 |
6.9 |
| Italy |
10.3 |
10.7 |
6.6 |
5.2 |
4.9 |
| Others |
39.4 |
42.1 |
51.7 |
46.5 |
47.3 |
Import by Main Origin Country (% of total, 2009)
|
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
|
| China |
10.2 |
12.4 |
14.3 |
14.0 |
13.3 |
| Germany |
9.0 |
9.2 |
9.8 |
9.8 |
9.6 |
| UAE |
8.2 |
8.4 |
8.4 |
8.5 |
8.9 |
| South Korea |
5.2 |
5.5 |
5.9 |
6.0 |
6.4 |
| Russia |
4.3 |
5.0 |
5.4 |
5.4 |
5.6 |
| Others |
63.1 |
59.5 |
56.2 |
56.3 |
56.2 |
D. Foreign Direct Investment (Overview, selected years)
|
US$ Mn |
FDI Flows |
FDI Stocks |
||||||||
|
1990-2000 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
1990 |
1995 |
2000 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
| Inward |
18 |
3,136 |
1,626 |
1,658 |
1,492 |
2,039 |
2,287 |
2,597 |
19,319 |
20,811 |
| Outward |
52 |
452 |
386 |
302 |
380 |
– |
-18 |
572 |
1,473 |
1,853 |
E. Agriculture: Food Commodities
|
US$ Mn |
2007 |
2008 |
| Export |
376.24 |
926.48 |
| Import |
3,409.37 |
6,493.91 |
| Trade Volume |
3,785.61 |
7,420.39 |
| Trade Balance |
-3,03.13 |
-5,567.43 |
| D-8 Total Trade |
67,978.23 |
101,328.20 |
| Share to D-8 Total Trade |
5.59% |
7.32% |
F. Energy
F.1 Oil
|
Petroleum (Thousand Barrels per Day) |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
| Total Oil Production |
3,543 |
4,183 |
4,248 |
4,233 |
4,282 |
4,322 |
4,325 |
| Crude Oil Production |
3,444.3 |
3,742.8 |
4,001.43 |
4,138.58 |
4,027.81 |
3,911.89 |
4,013.48 |
| Consumption |
1,413 |
1,498 |
1,558 |
1,620 |
1,693 |
1,693 |
1,730 |
| Net Exports/Imports |
2,130 |
2,685 |
2,690 |
2,613 |
2,589 |
2,629 |
2,595 |
| Refinery |
1607 |
1617 |
1652 |
1652 |
1737 |
1822 |
1832 |
| Proved reserved (billion barrels) |
130.7 |
133.3 |
132.7 |
137.5 |
138.4 |
138.2 |
137.6 |
Natural Gas
|
Natural Gas (Billion Cubic Feet/day) |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
| Total Production |
7.3 |
7.9 |
8.2 |
10.0 |
10.5 |
10.8 |
11.2 |
| Consumption |
7.7 |
8.0 |
8.4 |
10.2 |
10.5 |
10.9 |
11.3 |
| Net Exports/Imports |
-0.4 |
-0.1 |
-0.2 |
-0.2 |
0 |
-0.1 |
-0.1 |
| Proved reserved
(trillion cubic meters, TCM) |
26.69 |
27.57 |
27.50 |
27.58 |
26.85 |
28.13 |
29.61 |
F.3 Renewable Energy
|
Country |
Renewable Indicator |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
Iran |
Electricity Generation (Billion Kwh) |
10.53 |
16.01 |
18.20 |
17.94 |
20.425 |
| Electricity Consumption (Billion Kwh) |
10.53 |
16.01 |
18.20 |
17.94 |
20.425 |
|
| Bio-fuels Production (Thousands Barrel/day) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Bio-fuels Consumption (Thousands Barrel/day) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
F.3.1 Renewable Electric Generation by Type (Billion Kilowatt-hours)
|
Country |
Renewable Product |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
|
Iran |
Hydroelectric |
12.52 |
15.94 |
18.08 |
17.81 |
20.425 |
|
|
Non-Hydroelectric Renewable |
Geothermal |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Wind |
0.007 |
0.067 |
0.12 |
0.13 |
NA |
||
| Solar, Tide and Wave |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Biomass and Waste |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
F.3.2 Renewable Bio-fuels Production by Type (Thousand Barrels per Day)
|
Country |
Renewable Product |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
Iran |
Fuel Ethanol |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Bio-diesels |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
