Bangladesh
BANGLADESH
A. General Info:
| Official Name | People’s Republic of Bangladesh |
| Capital | Dhaka |
| Main Cities | Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajashahi, Sylhet, Barisal |
| Languages | Bengali, Urdu and Hindi |
| Government | Parliamentary Republic |
| Independence | 26th March 1971 |
| Area | Arable land: 55.39%; permanent crops: 3.08%; other: 41.53% |
| Population | 156,050,883 (July 2009 est.) |
| Currency | Taka (BDT) |
| Fiscal year | July 1st - June 30th |
| Climate | Tropical monsoon; mild winter (October to March); hot, humit summer (March to June); humid, warm rainy monsoon (June to October) |
| Time Zone | UTC +6 |
| Measures | Imperial System. Local measure include: 1 tola=11.66 g; 1 seer=80 tola=932 g; 1 maund=40 seers=37.29 Kg |
| Main Airports | Zia Intl Airport (Dhaka), Shah Amanat Intl Airport, Chittagong, Osmani Intl Airport (Sylhet) |
| Main Harbors | Chittagong Port, Mongla Port |
B. Economic Indicators
|
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
|
| GDP | |||||
| Nominal GDP (US$bn) |
60.3 |
61.9 |
68.5 |
79.6 |
89.5 |
| Real GDP Growth (%) |
6.0 |
6.6 |
6.4 |
6.2 |
5.9 |
| Expenditure on GDP (% real change) | |||||
| Private Consumption |
3.9 |
4.3 |
5.9 |
5.5 |
6.0 |
| Government Consumption |
7.8 |
6.0 |
6.4 |
3.6 |
4.0 |
| Gross fixed Investment |
10.7 |
8.3 |
8.5 |
1.8 |
5.7 |
| Export of goods & services |
15.6 |
25.8 |
13.0 |
7.0 |
12.2 |
| Import of goods & services |
19.1 |
18.2 |
16.0 |
-2.1 |
15.2 |
| Origin of GDP (%real change) | |||||
| Agriculture |
2.2 |
4.9 |
4.6 |
3.2 |
4.6 |
| Industry |
8.3 |
9.7 |
8.4 |
6.8 |
5.9 |
| Services |
6.4 |
5.7 |
6.1 |
7.1 |
6.3 |
| GDP per capita (US$ at PPP) |
1,069 |
1,154 |
1,251 |
1,338 |
1,410 |
| Recorded unemployment (av; %) |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
| Fiscal Indicator (% of GDP) | |||||
| Public-sector expenditure |
14.5 |
14.7 |
13.6 |
17.1 |
15.3 |
| Public-sector balance |
-4.0 |
-3.9 |
-3.1 |
-6.1 |
-4.0 |
| Net public debt |
41.9 |
42.5 |
40.6 |
39.4 |
38.8 |
| Prices and financial indicators | |||||
| Exchange Rates Tk:US$ (end-period) |
66.21 |
69.07 |
68.58 |
68.92 |
69.27 |
| Consumer Prices (av.; % change) |
7.0 |
6.8 |
9.1 |
8.9 |
5.4 |
| Consumer Prices (end-period; % change) |
7.1 |
6.1 |
11.6 |
6.0 |
8.5 |
| Stock of money M1 (% change) |
18.3 |
32.5 |
15.7 |
10.5 |
16.5 |
| Stock of money M2 (% change) |
17.2 |
22.3 |
14.5 |
17.9 |
20.7 |
| Lending interest rate (av.; %) |
14.0 |
15.3 |
16.0 |
16.4 |
14.6 |
| Current Account (US$m) | |||||
| Trade Balance |
-3,199 |
-2,890 |
-4,195 |
-6,065 |
-4,312 |
| Goods: exports fob |
9,303 |
11,554 |
12,474 |
15,442 |
15,905 |
| Goods: imports cif |
-12,502 |
-14,443 |
-16,669 |
-21,507 |
-20,217 |
| Services Balance |
-958 |
-1,007 |
-1,268 |
-1,906 |
-2,156 |
| Income Balance |
-794 |
-841 |
-968 |
-771 |
-1,077 |
| Current-transfer balance |
4,774 |
5,933 |
7,288 |
9,775 |
10,352 |
| Current-account balance |
-176 |
1,196 |
857 |
1,032 |
2,808 |
| External Debt (US$m) | |||||
| Debt stock |
18,919 |
20,491 |
22,033 |
22,825 |
22,954 |
| Debt service paid |
805 |
707 |
814 |
1,119 |
1,105 |
| Principal repayments |
569 |
474 |
570 |
843 |
857 |
| Interest |
235 |
232 |
244 |
284 |
272 |
| International Reserves (US$m) | |||||
| Total international reserves |
2,825 |
3,877 |
5,278 |
5,789 |
10,319 |
C. Trade
C.1. Bangladesh’s Trade with the World
|
US$ Mn. |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
| Export (fob) |
8,494.4 |
11,657 |
12,732 |
13,628 |
14,378 |
| Import (cif) |
13,851 |
16,096 |
18,476 |
23,821 |
21,803 |
| Trade Volume |
22,345.4 |
27,753 |
31,208 |
37,449 |
36,181 |
| Trade Balance |
-4,851 |
-4,439 |
-5,744 |
-10,193 |
-7,425 |
| World Trade (US$ Bn) |
21,058 |
24,294 |
27,845 |
32,215 |
24,948 |
| Share |
0.10% |
0.11% |
0.11% |
0.11% |
0.14% |
C.2. Bangladesh’s trade with D-8 Countries
|
US$ Mn. |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
| Export (fob) |
223.45 |
305.59 |
358.75 |
457.13 |
506.79 |
| Import (cif) |
832.23 |
995.84 |
1,035.68 |
1,543.19 |
2,029.18 |
| Trade Volume |
1,055.68 |
1,301.43 |
1,394.43 |
2,000.32 |
2,535.97 |
| Trade Balance |
-608.78 |
-690.25 |
-676.93 |
-1,085.06 |
-1,522.39 |
| D-8 Intra Trade (US$ Mn) |
41,537.19 |
49,806.52 |
66,828.03 |
78,382.2 |
66,947.63 |
| Share |
2,54% |
2.61% |
2.08% |
2,55% |
3.78% |
C.3. Bangladesh’s Trade by 10 Main Commodities
C.3.1 Export by 10 Principal Commodities, (million US$)
|
No. |
Commodity
|
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
1. |
Knitwear products |
1,653.8 |
2,148.0 |
2,819.5 |
3,817.0 |
4,553.6 |
5,532.5 |
|
2. |
Woven garments |
3,258.3 |
3,538.1 |
3,598.2 |
4,083.8 |
4,657.6 |
5,167.3 |
|
3. |
Frozen shrimps and fish |
321.8 |
390.3 |
420.7 |
459.1 |
515.3 |
534.1 |
|
4. |
Jute goods (excluding carpets) |
256.5 |
245.6 |
307.5 |
361.0 |
320.8 |
318.3 |
|
5. |
Leather |
191.2 |
211.4 |
220.9 |
257.3 |
266.1 |
284.4 |
|
6. |
Raw jute |
82.4 |
79.7 |
96.2 |
148.3 |
147.2 |
165.1 |
|
7. |
Terry towels |
56.6 |
68.3 |
64.8 |
80.2 |
106.0 |
112.9 |
|
8. |
Fertilizer |
78.6 |
80.7 |
130.3 |
124.1 |
125.1 |
91.3 |
|
9. |
Tea |
15.5 |
15.8 |
15.8 |
11.9 |
6.9 |
14.9 |
|
10. |
Others (of which: home textiles, engineering products, footwear, ceramic tableware, miscellaneous) |
633.7 |
825.1 |
980.6 |
1,183.2 |
1,479.3 |
1,890.0 |
C.3.2 Import by 10 Principal commodities, (million US$)
|
No. |
Commodity
|
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
| Petroleum products |
620 |
770 |
1,252 |
1,400 |
1,709 |
2,058 |
|
|
2. |
Textile and articles thereof |
1,106 |
1,295 |
1,571 |
1,728 |
1,892 |
1,892 |
|
3. |
Capital machinery |
568 |
786 |
1,211 |
1,539 |
1,929 |
1,664 |
|
4. |
Food grain
|
409 211 198 |
431 144 287 |
574 262 312 |
418 117 301 |
581 180 401 |
1,411 874 537 |
|
5. |
Raw cotton |
393 |
583 |
666 |
742 |
859 |
1,213 |
|
6. |
Iron, steel, and other base metal |
455 |
479 |
679 |
980 |
985 |
1,180 |
|
7. |
Edible oil |
364 |
471 |
440 |
473 |
583 |
1,006 |
|
8. |
Chemicals |
353 |
406 |
510 |
580 |
668 |
890 |
|
9. |
Plastic and rubber & articles thereof |
281 |
367 |
477 |
523 |
643 |
808 |
|
10. |
Yarn |
270 |
323 |
393 |
501 |
582 |
691 |
C.4 Export and Import by Main Destination Country
Export by Main Destination Country (% of total)
|
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
| US |
23.9 |
22.4 |
23.6 |
25.0 |
24.1 |
21.1 |
| Germany |
13.6 |
14.5 |
13.5 |
12.6 |
12.3 |
13.9 |
| UK |
9.7 |
11.2 |
9.4 |
9.8 |
9.7 |
8.6 |
| France |
5.9 |
6.9 |
6.4 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
6.3 |
| Other |
47.7 |
45 |
47.1 |
47.6 |
48.9 |
50.1 |
Import by Main Origin Country (% of total)
|
|
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
| India |
11.1 |
12.5 |
13.5 |
17.7 |
18.1 |
15.6 |
| China |
15.2 |
15.1 |
14.1 |
12.5 |
13.0 |
14.4 |
| Kuwait |
1.8 |
5.5 |
8.5 |
7.9 |
7.8 |
5.8 |
| Singapore |
10.6 |
7.5 |
6.2 |
5.5 |
5.0 |
5.9 |
| Other |
38.7 |
59.4 |
42.3 |
56.4 |
56.1 |
58.3 |
D. Foreign Direct Investment (Overview, selected years)
|
US$ Mn |
FDI Flows |
FDI Stocks |
||||||||
|
1990-2000 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
1990 |
1995 |
2000 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
| Inward |
218 |
845 |
793 |
666 |
1,086 |
478 |
600 |
2,162 |
4,399 |
4,817 |
| Outward |
2 |
3 |
4 |
21 |
9 |
45 |
48 |
69 |
112 |
81 |
E. Agriculture: Food Commodities
|
US$ Mn |
2007 |
2008 |
| Export |
3,476.10 |
3,641.39 |
| Import |
4,864.18 |
5,067.45 |
| Trade Volume |
8,340.28 |
8,708.84 |
| Trade Balance |
-1,388.08 |
-1,426.05 |
| D-8 Total Trade |
67,978.23 |
101,328.20 |
| Share to D-8 Total Trade |
12.27% |
8.59% |
F. Energy
F.1 Oil
|
Petroleum (Thousand Barrels per Day) |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
| Total Oil Production |
6.82 |
6.91 |
6.75 |
6.75 |
6.76 |
6.76 |
6.43 |
| Crude Oil Production |
6 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
| Consumption |
83 |
84 |
85 |
86 |
88 |
91 |
95 |
| Net Exports/Imports |
-76 |
-77 |
-78 |
-79 |
-81 |
- 84 |
-88 |
| Refinery |
33 |
33 |
33 |
33 |
33 |
33 |
33 |
| Proved reserved (billion barrels) |
0.057 |
0.057 |
0.056 |
0.056 |
0.028 |
0.028 |
0.028 |
F.2 Natural Gas
|
Natural Gas (Billion Cubic Feet/day) |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
| Total Production |
1.1 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
| Consumption |
1.1 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
| Net Exports/Imports |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Proved reserved
(trillion cubic meters, TCM) |
0.34 |
0.43 |
0.42 |
0.41 |
0.38 |
0.37 |
0.37 |
F.3 Renewable Energy
|
Country |
Renewable Indicator |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
Bangladesh |
Electricity Generation (Billion Kwh) |
1.21 |
1.28 |
1.37 |
1.38 |
1.31 |
| Electricity Consumption (Billion Kwh) |
1.21 |
1.28 |
1.37 |
1.38 |
1.31 |
|
| Bio-fuels Production (Thousands Barrel/day) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Bio-fuels Consumption (Thousands Barrel/day) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
F.3.1 Renewable Electric Generation by Type (Billion Kilowatt-hours)
|
Country |
Renewable Product |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
| Bangladesh | Hydroelectric |
1.21 |
1.28 |
1.375 |
1.378 |
1.315 |
|
|
Non-Hydroelectric Renewable |
Geothermal |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Wind |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Solar, Tide and Wave |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Biomass and Waste |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
F.3.2 Renewable Bio-fuels Production by Type (Thousand Barrels per Day)
|
Country |
Renewable Product |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
Bangladesh |
Fuel Ethanol |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Bio-diesels |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
